Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water (i) phenol, (ii) toluene, (iii) formic acid, (iv) ethylene glycol, (v) chloroform, (vi) pentanol.

Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water

(i) phenol,                      (ii) toluene,                              (iii) formic acid,

(iv) ethylene glycol,        (v) chloroform,                (vi) pentanol.

Solution:

Water is a hydrogen bonded polar compound and polar dissolve in polar and non polar dissolve in non polar easily so we have to find the solute-solvent interactions first

(i)       Phenole is polar but Phenole have also a aromatic non polar group so  Phenole is partially soluble

(ii)      Toluene is a non polar compound so that it is insoluble in water.

(iii)    Formic acid is also a hydrogen bonded polar compound so that is highly soluble

(iv)     Ethylene glycol is also a hydrogen bonds polar compound so that it is with highly soluble in water.

(v)      chloroform is a non polar compound so that it is insoluble in water.

(vi)     Pentanol is a polar compound but Partially soluble because it has a large hydrocarbon chain which is non-polar.