Classification of matter mixtures pure substances

Classification of matter

Classification of matter

Matter can be classified as mixtures or pure substances.

Mixture : A mixture contains two or more substances present in it in any ratio. These substances are called its components.
For example, sugar solution in water, air, tea etc.

Mixtures are two types

heterogeneous mixtures : In homogeneous mixture, components completely mix with each other and its composition is uniform throughout.
Examples Sugar solution, air
Heterogeneous mixtures: In heterogeneous mixture, compositions are not uniform throughout and sometimes the different components can be observed.
Example: mixtures of salt and sugar



Pure substances. Pure substance have fixed composition. Constituents components of pure substances cannot be separated by simple physical methods.
Examples Copper, silver, gold, water, glucose etc

Pure substances are two types

Elements: An element consists of only one type of particles. These particles may be atoms or molecules.
Examples: Sodium, copper, silver, hydrogen, oxygen etc.

Compound: When two or more atoms of different elements combine, the molecule of a compound is obtained. The atoms of different elements are always present in a compound in a fixed and definite ratio and this ratio is characteristic of a particular compound. The properties of a compound are different from those of its constituent elements. Constituent particles can be separated by chemical methods.
The examples of some compounds are water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, sugar etc.