4.
How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of
gases?
Ans. Lungs contain millions of alveoli which
provide a surface for the exchange of gases. An extensive network of blood
vessels is present in the wall of the alveoli. By lifting our ribs and flatten
the diaphragm, the chest cavity becomes spacious. Air is sucked into the lungs
and alveoli. The oxygen from the breath, diffuses into the blood and CO2
from the blood brought from the body, diffuses out into the air.
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